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Diet and Exercises Influence on Glucose Levels
A Research Proposal for Biological Communications (Biol 3920)
Principle Investigator:
Rachel Whittle
Student
Biology
Tennessee Tech University
Tennessee Technological University Cookeville, TN
38505
September 17, 2008
Table
of Contents
Executive or Project
Summary p.
1
Key Words
p. 1
Introduction p.
2
Methods and Materials
p. 3-5
Expected Results and
Benefits
p. 6
Personnel and Capability
Statement of Investigators p. 7
Ethics Statement
p. 8
Project Timeline
p. 9
Disseminating Research
Results
p. 10
Literature Cited
p. 11
Budget
p. 12
Project Summary
Disease
and other health issues related to high glucose levels have increased. I want to find out how diet and
exercise can influence blood glucose levels. My hypothesis would be that when
less sugar
and complex carbohydrates
are in the diet, and exercise is incorporated blood glucose will be lower. My
null hypothesis would be that there will be no difference in the experimental treatment and control groups. I have set up my meals and exercise routines on certain days out the week and plan to use a glucose meter to test my glucose levels 2 hr after meals and exercise. I expect that the day I follow a strict diet and exercise I will have lower blood glucose
levels .
Key
Words : Blood Glucose, Hyperglycemia, Hypoglycemia, Diabetes, Glucose Meter
Introduction
I am doing my
research on blood glucose levels because of the problem that disease and other issues related to high glucose levels have
increased. For example I found that, “Blood-glucose
control is critical for managing diabetes and preventing diabetes-related complications such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy,
nephropathy, and neuropathy (US CDCP. 2007).” I want to find out
how diet and exercise can influence blood glucose levels. I know that diet and exercise can influence blood glucose levels
because,”The central nervous system is dependent on the availability
of blood glucose, requiring control and regulation of systemic glucose levels. Because of limited endogenous carbohydrate
stores, dietary restriction of carbohydrate requires marked metabolic adaptations to prevent hypoglycemia and hepatic depletion
(Bowden R.G. etc. 2007).” I hypothesize that when I eat healthy
and exercise my blood glucose will be lower then when I eat high complex carbohydrates and do not exercise. My hypothesis that eating right and exercise will cause my blood glucose levels to be lower is supported by the following information, “The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) produced startling
results indicating that persons who have not yet developed T2DM but who have risk factors including impaired glucose tolerance,
a family history, obesity, or gestational diabetes can delay the onset and perhaps even prevent the appearance of T2DM through
a program of weight reduction ( Michel T. etc. 2008).” My hypothesis that
my blood glucose levels will be higher on days when I high complex carbohydrates and do not exercise is supported by the following
information, “Research indicates that the body absorbs carbohydrates from different foods at different rates, leading
to varying effects on levels of blood glucose and insulin. Simple carbohydrate foods — such as white rice, white bread
and refined sugar — score high on the glycemic index; these foods cause a rapid spike and then a drop in blood glucose.
High-fiber foods — the "complex" carbohydrates, like whole grains — are lower on the glycemic index and have a
more gradual effect on blood sugar and insulin (unknown. 2008).” My
hypothesis null is there will be no difference in the experimental treatment and control groups. I believe I will find different results because I am controlling my blood glucose by eating healthy and
not eating healthy. Learning to control blood glucose levels can be beneficial
in the long run. “The EDIC study found the benefits of tight glucose control
on diabetic micro vascular problems persisted long after the DCCT ended. This long-lasting benefit of tight control has been
termed "metabolic memory ( Sherman F. T. 2008)."
Methods and Materials
(US Centers for Disease
and Control Prevention.2007)
Scientific
Method
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Observation |
People have problems controlling their blood sugar |
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Problem |
High blood sugar can cause health problems |
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Research Problem |
It will take proper diet and exercise to resolve my problem
I need the know what foods cause blood sugar to be high
and how physical activity can influence blood sugar
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Form Hypothesis
Null |
When I eat healthy and exercise my blood sugar will be lower
There will be no difference in the experimental
treatment and control groups
|
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Test Hypothesis |
I will set up a specific healthy diet to follow and keep tract of my blood sugar and exercise, and
a specific unhealthy diet and keep tract of my blood sugar and exercise. |
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Draw conclusions from Data |
Food intake and exercise will cause blood sugar to be
lower, and the hypothesis (null) will be rejected |
Methods
and Materials
Experimental
Design
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Test
Group |
Rep 1
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I will set up two days out of the week where I eat for Breakfast:
pop tart and orange juice Lunch: pasta w/alfredo sauce, bread and sweet tea Dinner: fried chicken strips with honey mustard,
french fries, and a coke. I will record blood sugar two hours after each meal.
Repeat diet and record blood sugar each meal. Add exercise to my day and test blood sugar two hours after exercise. |
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Rep 2
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Reference or Control
Group |
Rep 1
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I will set up
two other days out of the week where I eat for Breakfast: yogurt and water Lunch: turkey wrap, fruit, and water Dinner: grilled
chicken salad low fat dressing and water. I will record my blood sugar every two hours after each meal.
Repeat diet and record blood sugar each meal. Add exercise to my day and test blood sugar two hours after exercise. |
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Rep 2
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Methods and Materials
Data Form
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Wk 1 |
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Post meal |
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Expected
Results and Benefits
Expected Results
I expect to reject my null. I can influence my glucose levels through diet and exercise. The days when I follow the strict diet and
exercise I will have lower glucose levels
Benefits
If expected results occur it help people who
are struggling with high glucose health problems or disease to control glucose levels and have a greater quality of life
Personnel
and Capacity Statement of Investigators
Faculty Research Advisor: Dr. Morgan
Resume
|
Rachel Whittle |
|
Tennessee
Technological University, Cookeville, TN
38505 |
|
469-471-2330 |
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Rawhittle21@tntech.edu
|
Objective |
To obtain a secretarial/receptionist position where I can use my
computer and clerical skills.
|
Professional Skills |
· Microsoft Office
· Microsoft Windows
· Filing/Editing
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· Typing (55+ wpm)
· Office Procedures
· Telephone Skills |
· Management Skills
· Customer Service Skills
|
Education |
Tennessee
Technological University/ Biology
Health Science undergraduate ( in progress) |
|
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McLennan Community College/ Associates of Arts
Hubbard
High School/ G.P.A. 4.25 |
Employment Skills |
· Developed ability to work
in a fast-paced atmosphere
· Maintained excellent customer
relations and developed customer rapport
· Diplomatically resolved customers
complaints on as-needed basis
· Accurately calculated and
made daily deposits of up to $20,000
· Ability to follow instructions
well and make decisions with no supervision
· Motivated and supervised 50+
employees on daily basis
· Maintained all record-keeping
procedures without error
· Delegated responsibilities
to employees to meet company’s expectations
· Effectively developed telephone
communication skills and consistently met quotas
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Employment History |
|
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CPR Instructor, Emergency
Management Resouces Dallas, TX
Aquatics
Manager, Waco Water Park, Waco, TX |
05/06- Current
04/07 - 09/07 |
|
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Lifegaurd,
Hubbard City Pool, Hubbard, TX, seasonal job |
04/06 – 09/06
05/05 – 08/05
05/04 – 08/04 |
|
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Secretary,
Emergency Management Resources, Dallas, TX,
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05/03 -08/03
05/02 – 08/03 |
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Bioethics
Statement
- Conduct research in way that is consistent and
accepted by scientific and teaching methods.
- Maintaining honesty and integrity in all professional
endeavors.
- Comply with all laws and regulations that apply
to the treatment of study disease and other aspects of professional conduct.
- Be respectful in professional interactions, avoiding
discrimination, based on race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or age. Treat colleagues, students, and employees fairly.
- Be constructive and professional in evaluating
the work of colleagues, students, and employees.
- Provide recognition of past and present contributions
of others to science, and present one’s professional opinions only on those topics for which one has training and knowledge.
- Promote the free and open exchange of information,
not withholding information to substantiate a personal or scientific point of view.
- Be candid about potential conflicts of interest
in the conduct of professional duties.
Disseminating Research
Results
The Results of my research will be disseminated in many ways. I plan to
present my result in class in a presentation with tables, figures, and pictures. I
have a website that I am using to disseminate my results. I am creating a manuscript
of my research.
Literature References
Bowden R.G., Lanning B.A., Doyle E.I., Slonaker
B., Johnston H.M., Scranes G. 2007. Systematic glucose level changes with a carbohydrate-restricted
and higher protein diet combined with exercise.
Journal of American College Health
Michel T., Pierce S., Malek K. 2008. CEU III.
Understanding type 2 diabetes: prevention and management—the physical therapy perspective…third in a series of
continuing education articles on diabetes mellitus. PT: Magazine of Physical Therapy 16: 36-45
Sherman F. T. 2008. Tight blood glucose control
and cardiovascular disease in the elderly diabetic. Geriatrics 63: 8-10
Unkown. 2008 Research reveals new ways to fight
diabetes. Tufts University Health & Nutrition Letter 12: 4-5
US Centers for
Disease and Control Prevention. 2007. Self-monitoring of blood glucose among adults with diabetes. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 56: 1133-7
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Twelve-Month Budget |
|
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Sponsor |
Tenn
Tech |
Total
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Personnel |
|
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Principal Investigator,
25%, Academic
Year |
$12,000 |
$0 |
$12,000 |
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Project Associate, 10% |
0 |
2,000 |
2,000 |
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Graduate Research Assistant, 50% |
7,000 |
0 |
7,000 |
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Clerk-Typist, 50% |
5,000 |
0 |
5,000 |
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Subtotal |
$24,000 |
$2,000 |
$26,000 |
|
Staff Benefits (30% of S&W) |
$7,200 |
$900 |
$8,100 |
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Subtotal |
$31,200 |
$2,900 |
$34,100 |
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Consultants |
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Sally Wilson, $125/day, 3 days |
$375 |
$0 |
$375 |
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Equipment |
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Glucometer |
$1,000 |
$0 |
$1,000 |
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Materials and Supplies |
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Test Strips |
$150 |
$0 |
$150 |
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Food |
$150 |
0 |
$150 |
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Subtotal |
$300 |
$0 |
$300 |
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Travel |
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Graduate Research Assistant
Presentation, American Heart Association,
Dallas to New York, NY,
and return. 1 person, 1 day) |
|
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Air Fare |
$400 |
$0 |
$400 |
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Per Diem @ $100/day |
100 |
0 |
100 |
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Local Transportation |
30 |
0 |
30 |
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Subtotal |
$530 |
$0 |
$530 |
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Total Direct Costs |
$33,405 |
$2,900 |
$36,305 |
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Indirect Costs
(51.5% of modified total
direct costs)
|
$18,643 |
$1,559 |
$20,202 |
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Grand Total |
$52,048 |
$4,459 |
$56,507 |
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Timeline
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